Reinterpreting Ḥadīd in Q.S. Al-Ḥadīd [57]: 25

Analysis of Abdullah Saeed’s Contextual Approach

Abstract

This article is motivated by the differing interpretations of the term ḥadīd and its associated manāfi‘ in Q.S. Al-Ḥadīd [57]: 25 among classical and modern Muslim scholars. Classical scholars interpreted the term ḥadīd as iron used for armour and weapons of war, whereas later scholars understood the term ḥadīd as iron that serves as the foundation for industrial development and as a basis for the prosperity and strength of nations. Stemming from this difference in interpretation, the terms ḥadīd and manāfi‘ carry the potential for polysemic meaning, allowing them to be understood in various contexts. This research adopts a library research design using contextual interpretation methods and descriptive-analytical analysis. Through Abdullah Saeed’s contextual linguistic analysis—examining the historical context surrounding the identification of universal ethical principles and interpreting contemporary realities to derive a more holistic meaning—the research reveals that the term ḥadīd in Q.S. Al-Ḥadīd [57]: 25 is not merely understood as iron in the material sense; rather, it represents strength, means of defense, technology, and instruments for the advancement of human civilization. In the contemporary context, this meaning may be understood as symbolizing technological development, which should be utilized in a just, responsible, and human welfare-oriented manner. Accordingly, Q.S. Al-Ḥadīd [57]: 25 provides us with an ethical basis that technology should not be employed as a means of destruction, oppression, or exploitation but should instead be directed towards promoting justice and social welfare.

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